What is a bench trial?

A bench trial refers to a legal proceeding where the judge, rather than a jury, is responsible for making determinations regarding the facts and the law. This type of trial often occurs when the parties involved waive their right to a jury trial, which can be done for various reasons, including the nature of the case or specific legal strategies. In a bench trial, the judge will evaluate the evidence, witness testimony, and legal arguments, ultimately rendering a decision based on that analysis.

This is particularly relevant in situations where the issues do not require or are not suited for a jury, making the judge's role even more critical to the outcome. Unlike a jury trial, where a panel of peers would deliberate and reach a verdict, a bench trial simplifies the process by having a single decision-maker. Thus, the decision of a bench trial typically addresses the issues as framed by the court without the need for a jury's involvement.