What is the primary purpose of a preliminary investigation?

The primary purpose of a preliminary investigation is to gather essential facts surrounding an incident. This process involves collecting initial information that is crucial for understanding what occurred, identifying potential witnesses, and determining the scope of the investigation. The preliminary investigation sets the foundation for all subsequent investigative steps, such as verifying the circumstances of the incident, documenting evidence, and establishing a timeline of events.

By focusing on gathering facts, law enforcement can assess whether criminal activity may have taken place and what specific charges, if any, might be considered later in the process. This foundational investigation is critical because it informs subsequent decisions regarding the case, including whether to pursue further investigation or develop a case for possible prosecution.

While initiating criminal charges, determining adherence to agency policy, and preparing a case for trial are important elements of law enforcement procedures, they occur later in the investigation process and rely heavily on the thoroughness of the preliminary investigation itself.